Author Mr. Ding said at Higher Vocational School of Railway Office, Changzhou, Jiangsu
Abstract: Hong Kong vocational education in its financial input, system completeness, training objectives, training and education system so unique. These valuable experiences are worth learning and learning, can gain a lot of inspiration: 1. Uphold the demonstration striving to win government support; 2. Insist on cooperation with enterprises, improve the professional system; 3. Insist on the unity of knowledge deepen curriculum reform; 4. insist on serving the community, to improve training capacity.
Keywords: Hong Kong Vocational Education; character; Inspiration
1. The characteristics of Hong Kong Vocational education and experience
(A) The dominant
Hong Kong Government attaches great importance to vocational education, huge sums of money invested, effective support. The funding sources, funding for vocational education in Hong Kong there is a strong guarantee, mainly funded by the Government. For example, In 2005-2006, the normal funding up to 2.83 billion dollars, of which 1.78 billion government-funded payments, accounting for 62.7%, not including fees and interest income of 9 billion dollars and other income. Adequate funding for vocational education investment for the vocational education and training provides a good running condition, the Hong Kong Vocational Training Council and its affiliated teaching and training institutions, advanced equipment, good teachers, for teaching and training facilities have reached or exceeded the industry and corporate standards; teachers are more stable.
(B) The completeness of system
Hong Kong's vocational education management vested in the Hong Kong Vocational Training Council, consists of Professional Education, Training and Development Centre 20 vocational education and training institutions, also has 21 training boards and five cross-sectoral committee. These committees are government, education, industry and other members of the community. Training Committee in which all major sectors of vocational training, service matters, such as to carry out manpower surveys of various industries to assess and forecast manpower training needs, develop terms of reference manuals, training for the industry responsible for the direction and development of recommendations for the vocational education and training schools, institutions teaching activities targeted to provide the basis for education.
(C) The social of the schools
Hong Kong Vocational Training Council's various educational and training bodies, by all industries and sectors from the representatives of the education sector and government officials of relevant departments. This government-led, social support, industry-sponsored collaborative teaching and build a vocational education training institutions, and by the industry to provide advice, participate in decision-making model, so that vocational education and training in Hong Kong to show social characteristics. Hong Kong's vocational training and training systems rely on the social market economy is also reflected in the needs of a market-led and market-driven system, as a basis for appropriate professional settings. For example, the Hong Kong Youth Institute combines the interests and needs of young people to develop career development plans to carry out the training menu, the Government has given appropriate subsidies, so that young people can master the skill. Hong Kong's unemployment rate now down to 4.5 percent, and vocational training to carry out such a great relationship. Under the Vocational Training Council Training Committee will each year have the manpower situation of the industry statistics and research, and proposed manpower survey report, including industry and technical posts at all levels of demand and Yuce's Ren Yuan Pei Xun demand to train students and training students professional counterparts, supply and demand converge.
(D) The richness of the content
Hong Kong Vocational Training Council to develop and design training courses in teaching objects for more extensive training, first position covering various industries in Hong Kong, and second, covering all ages and levels of personnel. Various training programs (Project) array of items such as pre-have "wings" plan, "a genius reproduction" plan, on the newly employed have apprenticeship training program, graduates are engineering graduates of the training program, on employees with skills upgrading program has been, and new training programs and so on. Each plan contains a gigantic system of training professional. Such as apprenticeship training program to cover 45 industries, including automotive, electronics, plastics, construction, jewelry and hotels and so on. Training project entirely based on the actual needs of the community to develop and settings.
(E) The practical goal
Hong Kong's vocational education and training purposes is very clear that meet the social needs and economic development. Therefore, vocational education and training is to promote economic and career development purposes. Therefore, the focus on practical, emphasizing practical, a virtual reality environment, a notable feature of vocational education in Hong Kong. Training of various types of work they create scenes, to create highly targeted practical training courses to integrate education and training, focus on operational skills, and devise a graduation or completion students can become skilled workers. Their vocational education are not limited to "diploma" and "academic." For example, the Hong Kong Vocational Training Council, the Chinese Cuisine Training Institute of the school affiliated classrooms, factories, display, service and other functional areas connect to each other, integration, teaching equipment, facilities, all open will provide students adequate time and space for independent study and mutual communication , teaching the "Theory of Training – Job Design – Practical Operation – Product Display – Integrated Assessment – Feedback Regulation" closely linked to the links, so that students often become regular new academic results, student exposure to the campus, both appreciate the change in the culinary culture, they can show their creative talents. Vocational Education in Hong Kong is firmly based around the ability of market-oriented and carried out, the economic prosperity of Hong Kong to benefit from such capacity to meet the needs of the community based vocational education system.
(F) The flexibility of education system
Hong Kong's vocational education in the school system is very flexible design, the Vocational Training Council to provide students with a "one-stop" professional education and training, in-house qualifications and progression pathways converge on the very clear terms, Advanced Certificate Certificate → Diploma → Foundation Diploma → Higher Diploma, "one-stop" education and training equivalent to the Mainland and Higher Vocational link, and each level wind can choose to continue their studies or employment. In addition, full-time classes and part-time courses can also be linked up classes, advanced diploma courses and degree programs can be linked up. This easily accessible and flexible academic structure, fully embodies the informal vocational education in Hong Kong, stress practical results, to meet the personal and social needs of the trade missions.
2. Hong Kong Vocational Education Enlightenment
(A) Insist on striving for demonstration, support for government
Hong Kong's successful experience in the development of vocational education is one of government support. Although in the Mainland and Hong vocational education system has some differences, but in recent years the development of vocational education in the mainland government paid high attention to the development of vocational education to increase year by year investment to the mainland has brought opportunities for vocational education. We must seize the opportunity to enhance the professional content development as the starting point, striving to provincial, national demonstration schools, financial support for the government to do "good" to do "special" trunk professional, and comprehensively improve the standard of professional education.
(B) Uphold the school-enterprise cooperation, improve the professional system
Vocational Education in Hong Kong society and the completeness of system we should learn from this vocational education and the Mainland, "Employment-oriented" concept is exactly the same, that vocational education and socio-economic development needs to adapt must be business and industry to build the actual needs of the professional education system. Vocational Education in the Mainland of reality, schools must cooperation with enterprises, professional sound system Shang good articles, that determined according to the local primary school main industry professionals, according to local industry chain development to improve the professional chain of school construction, according to business, industry needs to build the actual curriculum system and professional education systems.
(C) Adhere to the unity of knowledge to deepen the curriculum reform
Hong Kong's vocational education to promote economic and career development purposes, focus on practical, emphasizing practical, a virtual reality environment was exemplary, which is the mainland of vocational education curriculum reform propaganda purposes is the same. Teaching in professional education, we should always implement the "competency-based" ideas, lesson plans, curriculum, course content must reflect a competency-based principles, emphasis on cultivating students have ability to suit in their position; should vigorously promote the module of teaching, according to business, industry demand for the actual job setting module course, the preparation of learning packages to enhance the relevance and usefulness of teaching; should strive to build a theory of both professional and rich experience of the "Double" teachers to implement teaching teachers teaching ability truly meet the practical requirements of modern vocational education; should be built into corporate culture and business development simultaneously, the real environment simulated enterprise site professional training places in schools for the implementation of the integration of theory and practice of teaching methods, adhere to the unity of knowledge to deepen the reform program to lay a solid foundation.
(D) Adhere to serving the community, to improve training capacity
Hong Kong's vocational education to academic education and training in organic blending of the school community model is worth studying. Mainland Government has already proposed vocational school vocational education should be community development training as important task, but in fact focus on education vocational school education remains a tendency to light social training, There are government policy-oriented and social training system is gradually improving, but the more important types of vocational schools to improve adherence to serve the community, emphasis on career development training, awareness, which are: Full-time academic education with the biogenic reduction in the continuous development of high-tech industries, the expanding training needs of the community, the future socio-economic development of vocational schools will become life-long learning in the community were an important place, as enterprises in the economic development process transformation, an important training base for staff offering job-change. Hence, schools must adhere to service the community, to improve training capacity, one should serve the community, enhance the training capacity building as professional content important task; second is to give full play to school and enterprise collaboration platform, take the initiative to establish advantages for the business services awareness, training services for enterprise development; The third is to fully research the development of local industry needs, developing training projects, the formation of the training menu, expand the training pipeline, improve training effectiveness; Fourth, to actively explore the vocational education to academic education and social training organic blending of the school model, a multi-level vocational education in the new system.
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